Id (0.064 , w/v), oxalate (0.052 , min and EDTA acid option composed 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds have been then washed and with an (0.012 , w/v) for anotherof sulfuric acid (0.064 , w/v), oxalate (0.052 , w/v), and soaked with water for another 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds were then washed and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) until neutral. The subsequent major step was the bleaching processes. The seaweeds with soaked in neutral. The following important step was the w/v) for processes. The and soaked were water untilsodium hypochlorite solution (0.1 ,bleaching40 min, washed, seaweeds have been soaked in sodium hypochlorite Tenidap Epigenetics remedy (0.1 , w/v) for 40 min, washed, and soaked with water till neutral. Ultimately, the seaweeds (Vwater:Wseaweeds = 20:1) had been Compound 48/80 manufacturer heated to 9502 till the seaweeds had been totally dissolved. The seaweed extracts had been then pressure filtered, dehydrated, and dried. The particular procedure is shown in Figure 1. Samples had been obtained immediately after performing each and every process (alkali treatment, acidifi-Mar. Drugs 2021, 19,15 ofand soaked with water until neutral. Finally, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) have been heated to 9502 C till the seaweeds had been absolutely dissolved. The seaweed extracts had been then stress filtered, dehydrated, and dried. The precise process is shown in Figure 1. Samples had been obtained immediately after performing every procedure (alkali remedy, acidification, and bleaching) and rinsing. Then, the samples were dried in a 50 C blast dryer to continual weight, and weighed to decide the loss price of seaweed, agar yield, as well as other physicochemical properties. Furthermore, the treated seaweed samples collected have been freeze-dried and scanned by an electron microscope to observe the modifications in seaweed immediately after each and every process. three.2.two. Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Agar The seaweeds (30 g) were first soaked in cellulase options (4 U/mL, Vcellulase:Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 50 C for 1 h. Soon after enzyme remedy, the seaweeds were treated with sodium hydroxide solution (3 w/v, VNaOH :Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 87 C for three h. The seaweeds had been then washed and soaked with water until neutral pH. The seaweeds were acidified in one particular step, i.e., the seaweeds were impregnated in acid answer composed of sulfuric acid (0.016 , w/v), oxalate (0.016 , w/v), and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) for 20 min. The acid-treated seaweeds had been then washed and soaked with water until neutral pH. Thereafter, the seaweeds have been soaked in sodium hypochlorite option (0.06 , w/v) for 20 min and then washed and soaked with water till neutral. Finally, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) had been heated to 9502 C till the seaweeds have been totally dissolved. The seaweed extracts had been then stress filtered, dehydrated, and dried. three.two.3. Enzymatic-Extraction of Agar The seaweeds (30 g) have been initial soaked in cellulase options (eight U/mL, Vcellulase:Wseaweeds = 20:1) at 50 C for 3 h. Just after enzyme remedy, the seaweeds were acidified in one particular step, that may be, the seaweeds were impregnated in acid solution composed of sulfuric acid (0.05 , w/v), oxalate (0.05 , w/v), and EDTA (0.012 , w/v) for 40 min. The acid-treated seaweeds have been then washed and soaked with water until neutral. Soon after that, the seaweeds had been soaked in sodium hypochlorite solution (0.25 , w/v) for 20 min and then washed and soaked with water until neutral. Finally, the seaweeds (Vwater :Wseaweeds = 20:1) had been heated to 9502 C till the seaweeds had been absolutely dissolved. The seaweed extracts were then stress filtered, dehydrated, and.