MsFirst, we investigated the relations amongst age and also the habitual use
MsFirst, we investigated the relations among age as well as the habitual use of emotion regulation techniques. Age was positively connected with CERQ Rumination (twotailed r 0.3, p 0.00). There were no other substantial correlations involving age and CERQ emotion regulation scores. Moreover, the correlations between age and DASS P-Selectin Inhibitor web Depression (twotailed r 0.06, PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23432430 p 0.090) and anxiety scores (twotailed r 0.03, p 0.33) had been not considerable. Table shows the correlations among emotion regulation and emotional symptoms. CERQ SelfBlaming, Acceptance, Rumination, Catastrophizing and Blaming Other folks scores correlated positively with both DASS depression and DASS anxiety scores. Moreover, CERQ Putting into Viewpoint was positively linked with DASS anxiety. In contrast, CERQ Good Refocusing, Refocus on Arranging and Optimistic Reappraisal scores correlated negatively with DASS depression scores. Making use of Student ttests for independent samples, we also checked for sex variations in emotion regulation and emotional symptoms. Girls reported significantly higher levels of CERQ Placing into Point of view (t[644] 2.25, p 0.024) and substantially decrease levels of CERQ Other Blaming (t[644] three.0, p 0.003) in comparison to boys. There were no other substantial sex variations within the other CERQ emotion regulation scores or in DASS depression and anxiousness scores (all ps 0.05).ShameProneness, GuiltProneness and Emotional SymptomsThere was a substantial association involving TOSCAA shameproneness and guiltproneness scores (r 0.40, p 0.00). As a way to handle for this relation, standardized residual scores of “guiltfree” shameproneness and “shamefree” guiltproneness had been applied in all subsequent analyses.Table . Correlations involving emotion regulation and depression and anxiousness symptoms. Questionnaire Depression CERQ Selfblaming Acceptance Rumination Positive Refocusing Refocus on Preparing Optimistic Reappraisal Placing into Point of view Catastrophizing Blaming Others 0.33 0.0 0.32 0.08 0.08 0.six 0.03 0.4 0.20 DASS Anxiousness 0.27 0.7 0.30 0.04 0.05 0.03 0. 0.34 0.7Note: Values in cells are twotailed Pearson r coefficients. Abbreviations: CERQ, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire; DASS, Depression Anxiety Pressure Scales. p 0.05; p 0.0. doi:0.37journal.pone.067299.tPLOS One particular DOI:0.37journal.pone.067299 November 29,6 Emotion Regulation, Trauma, and Proneness to Shame and GuiltShameproneness residual scores positively correlated with DASS depression (twotailed r 0.4, p 0.00) and DASS anxiety scores (twotailed r 0.three, p 0.00). Guiltproneness residual scores negatively correlated with DASS depression (twotailed r 0.eight, p 0.00), however they didn’t correlate with DASS anxiousness scores (twotailed r 0.0, p 0.920). The correlations in between CERQ scores and TOSCAA shame and guilt scores had been modest or moderate (all rs 0.37) and hence, substantial conceptual overlap among emotion regulation, on the one particular hand, and shameproneness and guiltproneness, however, was regarded unlikely.Predictors of ShameProneness and GuiltPronenessTwo separate regression analyses focused on shameproneness residual scores and guiltproneness residual scores as outcomes, and age and sex (Step ), childhood trauma (Step 2) and CERQ emotion regulation (Step three) as predictors. Sex (boys 0; girls ) and childhood trauma (no traumatic occasion 0; one or more traumatic events ) have been dummy coded. Tolerance (all 0.99) and variance inflation element (all two.two) coefficients didn’t indicate mu.