Hat “everything appears to become specifically within the right location,as it need to be.” One particular patient (patient ,Picard,even explained that,even though listening to a discussion involving various men and women through an ecstati aura,he felt as though he had a sudden complete understanding with the topic,”as an access to the resolution.” We hypothesize that in the ecstatic auras the mechanisms of interoceptive prediction error generation are blocked,the comparator in between the actual along with the predicted state no longer functions,and that there isn’t any far more mismatch. This could lead to get a handful of seconds to a pathologicallyinduced (epileptic) “stable state” devoid of any generated prediction error,devoid of ambiguity,causing a feeling of certainty and intense serenity and inner peace (Picard Picard and Kurth.Heightened Self wareness and Atmosphere PerceptionsSalience and Practical experience of TimeEcstatic seizures are dominated by a feeling of a conscious selfpresence,characterized by a heightened selfawareness,in addition to a feeling of union using the planet,the “All,” with breakdown from the barrier in between the subject and surroundings. The anterior insula participates within the selfreflective network,preserving a coherent firstperson point of view,on the basis of its connections toward inferior parietal lobe and temporoparietal junction (Augustine Craig,b; Modinos et al. Dennis et al. Ionta et al. Somatosensory stimuli,as other internal and external stimuli,are processed in the posterior insula and cognitively integrated a lot more anteriorly within the insula (Craig. An ictal hyperactivation of this region will alter this processing and may provoke abnormal unpleasant feelings (Isnard et al,or in rare circumstances very pleasant ones (Williams Stefan et al,with at times even a feeling of sensory overload,as some individuals report. Most likely in connection with its part in interoception and autonomic function,the anterior insula is especially sensitiveFrontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience www.frontiersin.orgFebruary Volume ArticleGschwind and PicardAnterior Insula and Ecstatic SeizuresFIGURE Illustration of your networks implicated in salience processing,as obtained by the metaanalysis PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24687012 tool Neurosynth.org (Yarkoni et al,determined by the results of published research,employing the only keyword “salience” in forward inference,and displayed on a template anatomical T image with Zvalues of to (working with the Mango software program package. The resulting considerable regions (p FDR corrected) interestingly comprise 4 networks: Yellow: anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula (AI) represent the salience GSK-2881078 site network (Seeley et al b). Orange: the extended insular network consisting of amygdala (AM),ventral striatum (vS),periaqueductal gray (PAG),and dorsomedial thalamus (dmTHal). Green: the PCCVMPFC represents the default mode network (Greicius et al. Blue: the frontoparietal executive handle network (Corbetta and Shulman Fox et al. The salience network is believed to switch back and forth involving the default mode network and executive handle network (Menon and Uddin Uddin.to salient internal and environmental events,i.e behaviorallyrelevant stimuli,together with all the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) within the “salience network” (Seeley et al b; Eckert et al. Menon and Uddin Wiech et al. Uddin. This network detects and evaluates salient signals in order to constantly resolve uncertainty and adapt the behavior,by driving autonomic reflexes (which in turn engage feelings). As currently talked about in Bliss,Clarity,and Intense SerenityEmotion Regulati.