It really is estimated that greater than 1 million adults inside the UK are presently living with all the long-term consequences of brain injuries (Headway, 2014b). Rates of ABI have increased considerably in recent years, with estimated increases over ten years ranging from 33 per cent (Headway, 2014b) to 95 per cent (HSCIC, 2012). This raise is on account of a range of things like improved emergency response following injury (Powell, 2004); much more cyclists interacting with heavier visitors flow; enhanced participation in unsafe sports; and bigger numbers of really old people within the population. As outlined by Good (2014), one of the most common causes of ABI in the UK are falls (22 ?43 per cent), assaults (30 ?50 per cent) and road website traffic accidents (circa 25 per cent), although the latter category accounts to get a disproportionate quantity of a lot more serious brain injuries; other causes of ABI consist of sports injuries and domestic violence. Brain injury is more typical amongst guys than ladies and shows peaks at ages fifteen to thirty and over eighty (Nice, 2014). International information show equivalent patterns. For instance, inside the USA, the Centre for Disease Control estimates that ABI impacts 1.7 million Americans each and every year; kids aged from birth to 4, older teenagers and adults aged more than sixty-five have the highest prices of ABI, with guys far more susceptible than females across all age ranges (CDC, undated, Traumatic Brain Injury in the United states: Reality Sheet, available on-line at www.cdc.gov/ traumaticbraininjury/get_the_facts.html, accessed December 2014). There’s also increasing awareness and concern within the USA about ABI amongst military personnel (see, e.g. Okie, 2005), with ABI rates reported to exceed onefifth of combatants (Okie, 2005; Terrio et al., 2009). Whilst this short article will concentrate on present UK policy and practice, the concerns which it highlights are relevant to quite a few national contexts.Acquired Brain Injury, Social Perform and PersonalisationIf the causes of ABI are wide-ranging and unevenly distributed across age and gender, the impacts of ABI are similarly diverse. Some people make a superb recovery from their brain injury, whilst others are left with significant ongoing difficulties. Moreover, as Headway (2014b) cautions, the `initial diagnosis of severity of injury is just not a reliable indicator of long-term problems’. The potential impacts of ABI are nicely described both in (non-social function) academic literature (e.g. Fleminger and Ponsford, 2005) and in private accounts (e.g. Crimmins, 2001; Perry, 1986). Nevertheless, offered the restricted interest to ABI in social function literature, it is worth 10508619.2011.638589 listing a few of the prevalent after-effects: physical troubles, cognitive troubles, impairment of executive functioning, alterations to a person’s behaviour and adjustments to emotional regulation and `personality’. For many men 
and women with ABI, there will probably be no physical indicators of impairment, but some could expertise a array of physical troubles like `loss of co-ordination, muscle rigidity, paralysis, epilepsy, difficulty in speaking, loss of sight, smell or taste, fatigue, and sexual problems’ (Headway, 2014b), with fatigue and headaches getting particularly frequent right after cognitive activity. ABI may also lead to cognitive troubles such as challenges with journal.pone.0169185 memory and StatticMedChemExpress Stattic lowered speed of information processing by the brain. These physical and cognitive aspects of ABI, while difficult for the person concerned, are fairly quick for social workers and other people to conceptuali.